Science Publishing Group: Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants: Table of Contents
<i>Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants(JDMP)</i> publishes bi-monthly papers in the areas of pharmacology, toxicology, Neuroscience, Pathology, plant Biochemistry, animal Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Bio-organic Chemistry and medicinal Chemistry. The journal presents original papers, reviews and letters. The primary goal of this journal is to advance the understanding for the use of medicinal plants in the treatment of Diseases such as Leukemia, Breast cancer, HIV/AIDS, Cardiovascular diseases, Diabetes and other Diseases. The journal is addressed to scientists and other specialists interested in Medicinal plant research, teaching and techniques.
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Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants
Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants
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Oxidative Stress Attenuation in Hiv/Aids Patients on Antiretroviral Drugs by Calyx Juice of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn (Malvaceae)
http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/paperinfo.aspx?journalid=320&doi=10.11648/j.jdmp.20150101.11
The present study was aimed at evaluating the in vivo antioxidant potential of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linnaeus calyx juice (foléré) in HIV/AIDS patients on antiretroviral therapy. In the study, 5g of dried calyces were decocted with 250 mL of fresh tap water at 95°C for 15 minutes. The experimental design was a case-control randomized blinded trial in which, 58 patients on antiretroviral drugs were divided into 2 groups age-and-sex-matched. The experimental group was served a glass of 250 mL calyx juice per day alongside their antiretroviral treatment while the control group was exclusively on antiretroviral drugs with no available placebo. The trial was run for three (3) months after which blood samples were analyzed for the biochemical aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and alanine aminotransferase ALAT) and the hematological CD4, white blood cells (WBCs), red blood cells (RBCs), and hemoglobin (HGB)] parameters. The results show an increase in RBCs and WBCs in the experimental group which on the other hand experienced a decrease in CD4 and HGB. The control group experienced a decrease in RBCs, less decrease in HGB, and a higher decrease in CD4, but with increased WBCs. There was a parallel increase in ALAT and ASAT in both groups, more elevated in the control group.
The present study was aimed at evaluating the in vivo antioxidant potential of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linnaeus calyx juice (foléré) in HIV/AIDS patients on antiretroviral therapy. In the study, 5g of dried calyces were decocted with 250 mL of fresh tap water at 95°C for 15 minutes. The experimental design was a case-control randomized blinded trial in which, 58 patients on antiretroviral drugs were divided into 2 groups age-and-sex-matched. The experimental group was served a glass of 250 mL calyx juice per day alongside their antiretroviral treatment while the control group was exclusively on antiretroviral drugs with no available placebo. The trial was run for three (3) months after which blood samples were analyzed for the biochemical aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and alanine aminotransferase ALAT) and the hematological CD4, white blood cells (WBCs), red blood cells (RBCs), and hemoglobin (HGB)] parameters. The results show an increase in RBCs and WBCs in the experimental group which on the other hand experienced a decrease in CD4 and HGB. The control group experienced a decrease in RBCs, less decrease in HGB, and a higher decrease in CD4, but with increased WBCs. There was a parallel increase in ALAT and ASAT in both groups, more elevated in the control group.
Oxidative Stress Attenuation in Hiv/Aids Patients on Antiretroviral Drugs by Calyx Juice of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn (Malvaceae)
doi:10.11648/j.jdmp.20150101.11
Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants
2015-04-30
© Science Publishing Group
Franklin Nyenty Tabe
Nicolas Njintang Yanou
Armel Herve Nwabo Kamdje
Aurélie –Solange Agume Ntso
Oxidative Stress Attenuation in Hiv/Aids Patients on Antiretroviral Drugs by Calyx Juice of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn (Malvaceae)
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Bioactivity and Therapeutic Potential of Plant Extracts in Cancer and Infectious Diseases
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Medicinal plants have been used particularly in resource poor communities of the African continent as an alternative for the treatment of infectious diseases. Traditional medicine plays a critical role in treatment of chronic debilitating and life threatening conditions and infectious diseases. Cancer is one such condition whose therapeutic intervention is commonly through inexpensive traditional herbal remedies. Increasingly industrialised societies are developing drugs and chemotherapeutics from these traditional herbal plants. Plant biogeography determines the abundance and availability of medicinal plants which in turn determine their use by africango communities. Recent findings of bioactivity and therapeutic potential of plant extracts in cancer and infectious diseases are herein summarized and discussed.
Medicinal plants have been used particularly in resource poor communities of the African continent as an alternative for the treatment of infectious diseases. Traditional medicine plays a critical role in treatment of chronic debilitating and life threatening conditions and infectious diseases. Cancer is one such condition whose therapeutic intervention is commonly through inexpensive traditional herbal remedies. Increasingly industrialised societies are developing drugs and chemotherapeutics from these traditional herbal plants. Plant biogeography determines the abundance and availability of medicinal plants which in turn determine their use by africango communities. Recent findings of bioactivity and therapeutic potential of plant extracts in cancer and infectious diseases are herein summarized and discussed.
Bioactivity and Therapeutic Potential of Plant Extracts in Cancer and Infectious Diseases
doi:10.11648/j.jdmp.20150101.12
Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants
2015-04-30
© Science Publishing Group
Simeon Pierre Chegaing Fodouop
Richard Tagne Simo
Jeremie Mbo Amvene
Emmanuel Talla
Paul Faustin Seke Etet
Paul Takam
Armel Herve Nwabo Kamdje
Jean-Marc Muller
Bioactivity and Therapeutic Potential of Plant Extracts in Cancer and Infectious Diseases
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http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/paperinfo.aspx?journalid=320&doi=10.11648/j.jdmp.20150101.12
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Medicinal Plants in Breast Cancer Therapy
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Various active compounds (or their semi-synthetic derivatives) derived from medicinal plants have been assessed for their efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of breast cancer. Some of these plant species, including Taxus baccata (paclitaxel, docetaxel), Podophyllum peltatum (etoposide), Camptotheca acuminata (camptothecin) and Vinca rosea (vinblastine, vinorelbine) have well recognized antitumour activity in breast cancer, and have been evaluated in clinical trials. For example, results from recent Phase II/III trials have established docetaxel as the most active single agent in the treatment (first or second-line) of advanced metastatic breast cancer. The treatment of breast cancer, the most common malignancy among women worldwide, remains puzzling partly due to the resistance to therapeutics, which associates with the heterogeneity of case clinical presentations, and limits in the current understanding of the pathogenesis of solid cancers. Oxidative stress is closely related to various diseases, including cancer. The human body is exposed to free radicals, which cause oxidative stress. Oxidative stress may lead to gene mutations leading to carcinogenesis. Antioxidants are protector of the body, preventing oxidative stress, by stabilizing free radicals. Plants are good and cheap sources for the prevention and treatment of oxidative stress and cancer. Major drawbacks to Antioxidant from plants -based therapy and use in breast cancer are herein briefly discussed.
Various active compounds (or their semi-synthetic derivatives) derived from medicinal plants have been assessed for their efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of breast cancer. Some of these plant species, including Taxus baccata (paclitaxel, docetaxel), Podophyllum peltatum (etoposide), Camptotheca acuminata (camptothecin) and Vinca rosea (vinblastine, vinorelbine) have well recognized antitumour activity in breast cancer, and have been evaluated in clinical trials. For example, results from recent Phase II/III trials have established docetaxel as the most active single agent in the treatment (first or second-line) of advanced metastatic breast cancer. The treatment of breast cancer, the most common malignancy among women worldwide, remains puzzling partly due to the resistance to therapeutics, which associates with the heterogeneity of case clinical presentations, and limits in the current understanding of the pathogenesis of solid cancers. Oxidative stress is closely related to various diseases, including cancer. The human body is exposed to free radicals, which cause oxidative stress. Oxidative stress may lead to gene mutations leading to carcinogenesis. Antioxidants are protector of the body, preventing oxidative stress, by stabilizing free radicals. Plants are good and cheap sources for the prevention and treatment of oxidative stress and cancer. Major drawbacks to Antioxidant from plants -based therapy and use in breast cancer are herein briefly discussed.
Medicinal Plants in Breast Cancer Therapy
doi:10.11648/j.jdmp.20150101.13
Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants
2015-04-30
© Science Publishing Group
Tagne Simo Richard
Armel Herve Nwabo Kamdje
Farah Mukhtar
Medicinal Plants in Breast Cancer Therapy
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2015-04-30
10.11648/j.jdmp.20150101.13
http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/paperinfo.aspx?journalid=320&doi=10.11648/j.jdmp.20150101.13
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Anticonvulsant and Sedative Properties of Leaves of Neoboutonia velutina (Euphorbiaceae) Prain in Mice
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Neoboutonia velutina Prain is a small tree of 6-12 m, found in tropical areas of Africa (Cameroon, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Nigeria, Angola and Southern Sudan). This plant is used in Cameroonian traditional medicine for the treatment of central nervous system diseases like epilepsy and for the treatment of hepatitis. In our knowledge, there are no published studies on biological activity of N. velutina. In the present study, in vivo animal models of epilepsy (strychnine, pentylenetetrazol and Picrotoxin-induced convulsions) and insomnia (diazepam -induced sleep) were used to evaluate the anticonvulsant and sedative properties of N. velutina. The aqueous extract of the leaves of N. velutina protected mice against strychnine (p<0.05), pentylenetetrazol (p<0.01), and picrotoxin (p<0.001)-induced seizures. The extract strongly increased the total sleep time induced by diazepam (50 mg/kg i.p.) but did not significantly precipitate the onset of sleep. The results lead to the conclusion that the extract of N. velutina possesses anticonvulsant and sedative properties in mice and could explain its use in traditional medicine for the treatment of epilepsy and insomnia.
Neoboutonia velutina Prain is a small tree of 6-12 m, found in tropical areas of Africa (Cameroon, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Nigeria, Angola and Southern Sudan). This plant is used in Cameroonian traditional medicine for the treatment of central nervous system diseases like epilepsy and for the treatment of hepatitis. In our knowledge, there are no published studies on biological activity of N. velutina. In the present study, in vivo animal models of epilepsy (strychnine, pentylenetetrazol and Picrotoxin-induced convulsions) and insomnia (diazepam -induced sleep) were used to evaluate the anticonvulsant and sedative properties of N. velutina. The aqueous extract of the leaves of N. velutina protected mice against strychnine (p<0.05), pentylenetetrazol (p<0.01), and picrotoxin (p<0.001)-induced seizures. The extract strongly increased the total sleep time induced by diazepam (50 mg/kg i.p.) but did not significantly precipitate the onset of sleep. The results lead to the conclusion that the extract of N. velutina possesses anticonvulsant and sedative properties in mice and could explain its use in traditional medicine for the treatment of epilepsy and insomnia.
Anticonvulsant and Sedative Properties of Leaves of Neoboutonia velutina (Euphorbiaceae) Prain in Mice
doi:10.11648/j.jdmp.20150102.11
Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants
2015-05-28
© Science Publishing Group
Germain Jean Magloire Ketcha Wanda
Steve Guemnang Ngitedem
Sefirin Djiogue
Franklin Zemo Gamo
Dieudonne Njamen
Anticonvulsant and Sedative Properties of Leaves of Neoboutonia velutina (Euphorbiaceae) Prain in Mice
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2015-05-28
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Antimicrobial Multi-Resistance of Acinetobacter baumanii Isolated from Clinical Specimens in Douala (Cameroon)
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Bacteria of the genus Acinetobacter are non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli, often considered as ubiquitous and frequently found in the environment. This work aimed to study the susceptibility of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated at the General Hospital of Douala. This bacterium, which is greatly involved in human pathology, demonstrated high innate and acquired resistance to multiple antibiotics classes. This was a descriptive and retrospective study over a period of ten years (2005-2014), covering all the isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii from in and out patients. Samples were analyzed in the bacteriology laboratory at the General Hospital of Douala. Data collection was made by extraction of the results of all susceptibility of Acinetobacter baumannii, carried out from 2005 to 2014, registered in the memory of the mini API™ system; this automated machine identifies and measures the susceptibility of all the bacterial strains. A total of 266 strains were isolated from suppurations, urine, urinary catheters, and all other specimens received by the laboratory during the study period. These strains obtained from samples collected from all services of the hospital and ambulatory patients. The resistance rates noted were: 67.29 % for ticarcillin, 64.28 % ticarcillin + clavulanic acid, 68.33 % for piperacillin, 56.97 piperacillin + tazobactam, 58.27 % ceftazidime, 58.01 % cefepime, 21.05 % imipenem, 33.46 % colistin, 52.63 % gentamicin, 48.49 % tobramycin, 24.43 % amikacin, 53.40 % netilmicin, 50% for ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, 51.05 % ofloxacin. The prevalence of multi-resistant strains was 43.18 %, mostly seen in patients hospitalized in the Burns unit. Only imipenem and Amikacin showed good activity on these strains with 78.95 % and 75.57 % of susceptibility respectively. This study showed the low activity of penicillin even in combination with beta lactamases inhibitors, as well as the cephalosporins on strains of Acinetobacter baumannii. Therapeutic support of infections due to this pathogen is highly problematic in General hospital of Douala. However, imipenem and amikacin, and to a lesser extent colistin remains effective treatment choices.
Bacteria of the genus Acinetobacter are non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli, often considered as ubiquitous and frequently found in the environment. This work aimed to study the susceptibility of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated at the General Hospital of Douala. This bacterium, which is greatly involved in human pathology, demonstrated high innate and acquired resistance to multiple antibiotics classes. This was a descriptive and retrospective study over a period of ten years (2005-2014), covering all the isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii from in and out patients. Samples were analyzed in the bacteriology laboratory at the General Hospital of Douala. Data collection was made by extraction of the results of all susceptibility of Acinetobacter baumannii, carried out from 2005 to 2014, registered in the memory of the mini API™ system; this automated machine identifies and measures the susceptibility of all the bacterial strains. A total of 266 strains were isolated from suppurations, urine, urinary catheters, and all other specimens received by the laboratory during the study period. These strains obtained from samples collected from all services of the hospital and ambulatory patients. The resistance rates noted were: 67.29 % for ticarcillin, 64.28 % ticarcillin + clavulanic acid, 68.33 % for piperacillin, 56.97 piperacillin + tazobactam, 58.27 % ceftazidime, 58.01 % cefepime, 21.05 % imipenem, 33.46 % colistin, 52.63 % gentamicin, 48.49 % tobramycin, 24.43 % amikacin, 53.40 % netilmicin, 50% for ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, 51.05 % ofloxacin. The prevalence of multi-resistant strains was 43.18 %, mostly seen in patients hospitalized in the Burns unit. Only imipenem and Amikacin showed good activity on these strains with 78.95 % and 75.57 % of susceptibility respectively. This study showed the low activity of penicillin even in combination with beta lactamases inhibitors, as well as the cephalosporins on strains of Acinetobacter baumannii. Therapeutic support of infections due to this pathogen is highly problematic in General hospital of Douala. However, imipenem and amikacin, and to a lesser extent colistin remains effective treatment choices.
Antimicrobial Multi-Resistance of Acinetobacter baumanii Isolated from Clinical Specimens in Douala (Cameroon)
doi:10.11648/j.jdmp.20150102.12
Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants
2015-06-01
© Science Publishing Group
Cecile Okalla Ebongue
Emmanuel Roddy Mengue
Jean-Pierre Nda Mefo’o
Martial Dongmo Tsiazok
Raymond N’guessan Kouassi
Elisabeth Ngo Bum
Antimicrobial Multi-Resistance of Acinetobacter baumanii Isolated from Clinical Specimens in Douala (Cameroon)
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2015-06-01
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Nutritional State Impact on the Liver Detoxification Function in Patients Infected by HIV under Antiretroviral Drugs at the Bertoua Day Hospital of Cameroon
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The present study aimed at evaluating the nutritional state impact on liver detoxification function in patients infected by the human immunodeficiency virus under antiretroviral drugs. We performed a retrospective and prospective transversal survey on the patients infected by the human immunodeficiency virus, under antiretroviral drugs at the Bertoua day hospital. The retrospective period of our survey went from October 24, 2014 to February 24, 2014 (4 months) and the prospective shutter of the survey went from February 24, 2014 to August 24, 2014 (6 months), a total period of 10 months. We also analysed the socio-demographics parameters (Age and Sex), Biological parameters (HIV type, CD4, Transaminases) and the therapeutics parameters (Therapeutic protocol, Evolution). The hepatic affection has been judged by the remarkable increase of the rate of transaminases (>3N) and by the appearance of hypersensitivity signs (Skin rashes, Fever…). During this survey, 38 hepatic-toxicity cases caused by the intake of ARV drugs were collected. We included 12 men (31.58%) and 26 women (68.42%) with a sex-ratio of 0.46 in favor of the women. The average age was 45.68±13.13 year with age ranging between 10 to 65 years. Age group of 50 years and above was most represented with a percentage of 42.10. The majority of the patients were infected by the HIV 1 (86.85%) against 10.52% for the HIV 2 and 2.63% for the HIV 1+2. The most prescribed therapy was the association of 2 INTI+1 INNTI (Tenofovir+Lamivudine+Nevirapine) and the AIDS stage represented 7.89%. Prior to the antiretroviral therapy, the 38 patients had normal transaminases that followed modifications of the initial therapeutic protocol after a remarkable increase during the antiretroviral therapy. We noted during this survey that the hepatotoxicity intervention of our patients under ARV drugs was correlated to their Body Mass Index (BMI) that allowed us to evaluate the nutritional state of our patients. The intervention of the hepatotoxicity during the antiretroviral therapy, among the HIV patients having a good nutritional state (normal BMI), was very weak in the absence of the predisposing factors.
The present study aimed at evaluating the nutritional state impact on liver detoxification function in patients infected by the human immunodeficiency virus under antiretroviral drugs. We performed a retrospective and prospective transversal survey on the patients infected by the human immunodeficiency virus, under antiretroviral drugs at the Bertoua day hospital. The retrospective period of our survey went from October 24, 2014 to February 24, 2014 (4 months) and the prospective shutter of the survey went from February 24, 2014 to August 24, 2014 (6 months), a total period of 10 months. We also analysed the socio-demographics parameters (Age and Sex), Biological parameters (HIV type, CD4, Transaminases) and the therapeutics parameters (Therapeutic protocol, Evolution). The hepatic affection has been judged by the remarkable increase of the rate of transaminases (>3N) and by the appearance of hypersensitivity signs (Skin rashes, Fever…). During this survey, 38 hepatic-toxicity cases caused by the intake of ARV drugs were collected. We included 12 men (31.58%) and 26 women (68.42%) with a sex-ratio of 0.46 in favor of the women. The average age was 45.68±13.13 year with age ranging between 10 to 65 years. Age group of 50 years and above was most represented with a percentage of 42.10. The majority of the patients were infected by the HIV 1 (86.85%) against 10.52% for the HIV 2 and 2.63% for the HIV 1+2. The most prescribed therapy was the association of 2 INTI+1 INNTI (Tenofovir+Lamivudine+Nevirapine) and the AIDS stage represented 7.89%. Prior to the antiretroviral therapy, the 38 patients had normal transaminases that followed modifications of the initial therapeutic protocol after a remarkable increase during the antiretroviral therapy. We noted during this survey that the hepatotoxicity intervention of our patients under ARV drugs was correlated to their Body Mass Index (BMI) that allowed us to evaluate the nutritional state of our patients. The intervention of the hepatotoxicity during the antiretroviral therapy, among the HIV patients having a good nutritional state (normal BMI), was very weak in the absence of the predisposing factors.
Nutritional State Impact on the Liver Detoxification Function in Patients Infected by HIV under Antiretroviral Drugs at the Bertoua Day Hospital of Cameroon
doi:10.11648/j.jdmp.20150102.13
Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants
2015-06-23
© Science Publishing Group
Marcellin Guiaro Ndoe
Armel Herve Nwabo Kamdje
Charles Fokunang Ntungwen
Michel Njan Nloga
Nutritional State Impact on the Liver Detoxification Function in Patients Infected by HIV under Antiretroviral Drugs at the Bertoua Day Hospital of Cameroon
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2015-06-23
10.11648/j.jdmp.20150102.13
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Three Serum Electrolytes Profile (Na+, K+ and Cl-) of Anaemic Patients at the Biyem-Assi District Hospital in Yaounde (Cameroon)
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This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of serum sodium, potassium and chlorine disorders on anaemic patients and to assess their effects and measures of managing it. A prospective study was conducted on 110 patients at the Biyem-Assi District Hospital (Yaounde, Cameroon). Normal serum concentrations of sodium, potassium and chlorine were considered as 136 – 145 mEq/l, 3.5 – 5.0 mEq/l and 96 – 106 mEq/l respectively. The variables were considered significant when P < 0.005. Out of the total number of people recorded, there were 81 females (73.64 %) and 29 males (26.36 %). The prevalence of sodium imbalance hyponatremia, and hypernatremia are 20 (18.18 %) and 0 (0 %) respectively. The prevalence of potassium imbalance hypokalemia and hyperkalemia were 12 (10.91 %) and 14 (12.73 %) respectively. The prevalence of chloride disturbance, hypochloremia and hyperchloremia were 2 (1.82 %) and 21 (19.09 %) respectively. Amongst the variables chosen, only three variables had p-values that were significant that is sodium and level of education, potassium and occupation, and potassium and diarrhoea, but some were not significant for the study. Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia were highly prevalent in anemic patients. The severity of serum sodium, potassium and chlorine disturbances on anemic patients remains a significant predictor of mortality. Thus, correcting electrolyte disturbances in these anemic patients is important. Serum chloride levels showed no particular pattern or significant difference on the various variables.
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of serum sodium, potassium and chlorine disorders on anaemic patients and to assess their effects and measures of managing it. A prospective study was conducted on 110 patients at the Biyem-Assi District Hospital (Yaounde, Cameroon). Normal serum concentrations of sodium, potassium and chlorine were considered as 136 – 145 mEq/l, 3.5 – 5.0 mEq/l and 96 – 106 mEq/l respectively. The variables were considered significant when P < 0.005. Out of the total number of people recorded, there were 81 females (73.64 %) and 29 males (26.36 %). The prevalence of sodium imbalance hyponatremia, and hypernatremia are 20 (18.18 %) and 0 (0 %) respectively. The prevalence of potassium imbalance hypokalemia and hyperkalemia were 12 (10.91 %) and 14 (12.73 %) respectively. The prevalence of chloride disturbance, hypochloremia and hyperchloremia were 2 (1.82 %) and 21 (19.09 %) respectively. Amongst the variables chosen, only three variables had p-values that were significant that is sodium and level of education, potassium and occupation, and potassium and diarrhoea, but some were not significant for the study. Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia were highly prevalent in anemic patients. The severity of serum sodium, potassium and chlorine disturbances on anemic patients remains a significant predictor of mortality. Thus, correcting electrolyte disturbances in these anemic patients is important. Serum chloride levels showed no particular pattern or significant difference on the various variables.
Three Serum Electrolytes Profile (Na+, K+ and Cl-) of Anaemic Patients at the Biyem-Assi District Hospital in Yaounde (Cameroon)
doi:10.11648/j.jdmp.20150103.11
Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants
2015-07-01
© Science Publishing Group
Akah Roland Tiagha
Charles Fokunang Ntungwen
Fernand-Nestor Tchuenguem Fohouo
Armel Herve Nwabo Kamdje
Three Serum Electrolytes Profile (Na+, K+ and Cl-) of Anaemic Patients at the Biyem-Assi District Hospital in Yaounde (Cameroon)
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2015-07-01
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http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/paperinfo.aspx?journalid=320&doi=10.11648/j.jdmp.20150103.11
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In Vitro Toxicity Test of Strichnos johnsonnii (Loganiaceae) on a Strain of Staphylococcus aureus
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The aim of this study was to test the in vitro toxicity of an extract of Strychnos johnsonii (Loganiaceae) on a strain of Staphylococcus aureus. The tests were performed in the bacteriology unit of the Douala General Hospital biology laboratory, dealing with an extract from the bark of stem of Strychnos johnsonii (Loganiaceae) harvested at Etome village, South West Cameroon and authenticated by a botanist. The plant extract was obtained by maceration in 300 mL of ethanol for 120 hours. The filtrate obtained was evaporated under vacuum, at 50° C, 250 mbar of pressure and at a speed of 125 rounds per minute. The residual solvent was eliminated in an incubator at 37° C for one week to give dry extract. Selected bacterial strain came from pus collected from an in-patient. By its biochemical and enzymatic characters, this strain showed 90.9% homology with the Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213-reference strain. No bacterial growth were observed on Mannitol Salt, EMB and Sabouraud-Chloramphenicol agar plates after 48 hours of incubation, evidence that the extract contained no germs before the test. The number of initial colonies for the time t0 averaged 225. The point of intersection between the inhibition curve and the x-axis as the MIC corresponds to 0,04 g/mL. The smallest concentration of the extract for which the growth of Staphylococcus aureus is zero on the Mannitol salt agar was 0.04 g/mL. Therefore, the MIC amounts to MBC. The results obtained showed a bactericidal effect, which could be, attributed to the presence of indole alkaloids in the plant.
The aim of this study was to test the in vitro toxicity of an extract of Strychnos johnsonii (Loganiaceae) on a strain of Staphylococcus aureus. The tests were performed in the bacteriology unit of the Douala General Hospital biology laboratory, dealing with an extract from the bark of stem of Strychnos johnsonii (Loganiaceae) harvested at Etome village, South West Cameroon and authenticated by a botanist. The plant extract was obtained by maceration in 300 mL of ethanol for 120 hours. The filtrate obtained was evaporated under vacuum, at 50° C, 250 mbar of pressure and at a speed of 125 rounds per minute. The residual solvent was eliminated in an incubator at 37° C for one week to give dry extract. Selected bacterial strain came from pus collected from an in-patient. By its biochemical and enzymatic characters, this strain showed 90.9% homology with the Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213-reference strain. No bacterial growth were observed on Mannitol Salt, EMB and Sabouraud-Chloramphenicol agar plates after 48 hours of incubation, evidence that the extract contained no germs before the test. The number of initial colonies for the time t0 averaged 225. The point of intersection between the inhibition curve and the x-axis as the MIC corresponds to 0,04 g/mL. The smallest concentration of the extract for which the growth of Staphylococcus aureus is zero on the Mannitol salt agar was 0.04 g/mL. Therefore, the MIC amounts to MBC. The results obtained showed a bactericidal effect, which could be, attributed to the presence of indole alkaloids in the plant.
In Vitro Toxicity Test of Strichnos johnsonnii (Loganiaceae) on a Strain of Staphylococcus aureus
doi:10.11648/j.jdmp.20150103.12
Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants
2015-07-01
© Science Publishing Group
Cecile Okalla Ebongue
Fanny Aimee Essombe Malolo
François Eya Ane Meva
Lidwine Ngah
Jean Claude Ndom
Emmanuel Mpondo Mpondo
In Vitro Toxicity Test of Strichnos johnsonnii (Loganiaceae) on a Strain of Staphylococcus aureus
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2015-07-01
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Bacteriology of Diabetic Foot Ulcers with Reference to Multidrug Resistance Strains at the Yaounde Central Hospital (Cameroon)
http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/paperinfo.aspx?journalid=320&doi=10.11648/j.jdmp.20150104.11
Introduction. Foot infections are a major complication of diabetes mellitus and eventually lead to development of gangrene and lower extremity amputation. Many studies reported the bacteriology of Diabetic Foot Infections (DFIs) over the past 25 years, but the results have been varied and often contradictory. Aims and Objectives. This study was carried out to determine the bacterial profiles of infected ulcers and the antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolates at the endocrinology and metabolic diseases unit of the Yaoundé Central Hospital. Materials and Methods. Samples were collected from 59 patients with diabetic foot ulcers by using sterile swabs and they were processed. Results. A total of 148 bacterial isolates were obtained from 56 positive cultures, with an average of 2.5 organisms per case. The age group of these patients ranged from 14 to 75 years and the maximum number of patients was in the age group of 51 to 60 years. Gram negative bacilli were more prevalent (65.5%) than gram positive cocci (36.4%). Polymicrobial growth was observed in 84.48% of the specimen, Monomicrobial growth in 18.59% and sterile growth in 6.25% of the isolates. The commonest isolates among the gram negative bacteria’s were Proteus spp. (21.6%), Escherichia coli (18.9%), Klebsiella. spp (16.9%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.1%) while among the gram positive bacteria’s Staphylococcus aureus was predominant (17.6%), followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (10.1%) then by Streptococcus pyogenes (6.8%). Antimicrobial susceptibility results showed that Gram negative bacterial isolates were 100% sensitive to Imipenem and 86.5% resistance to Ampicillin, while for the Gram positive bacterial, they were 44.5% sensitive to Ciprofloxacin and 46.8% resistance to Oxacillin. Conclusion. This study showed a preponderance of gram negative bacilli among the isolates from the diabetic foot ulcers. Knowledge on the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the isolates will be helpful in determining adequate drugs for the empirical treatment of diabetic ulcers.
Introduction. Foot infections are a major complication of diabetes mellitus and eventually lead to development of gangrene and lower extremity amputation. Many studies reported the bacteriology of Diabetic Foot Infections (DFIs) over the past 25 years, but the results have been varied and often contradictory. Aims and Objectives. This study was carried out to determine the bacterial profiles of infected ulcers and the antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolates at the endocrinology and metabolic diseases unit of the Yaoundé Central Hospital. Materials and Methods. Samples were collected from 59 patients with diabetic foot ulcers by using sterile swabs and they were processed. Results. A total of 148 bacterial isolates were obtained from 56 positive cultures, with an average of 2.5 organisms per case. The age group of these patients ranged from 14 to 75 years and the maximum number of patients was in the age group of 51 to 60 years. Gram negative bacilli were more prevalent (65.5%) than gram positive cocci (36.4%). Polymicrobial growth was observed in 84.48% of the specimen, Monomicrobial growth in 18.59% and sterile growth in 6.25% of the isolates. The commonest isolates among the gram negative bacteria’s were Proteus spp. (21.6%), Escherichia coli (18.9%), Klebsiella. spp (16.9%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.1%) while among the gram positive bacteria’s Staphylococcus aureus was predominant (17.6%), followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (10.1%) then by Streptococcus pyogenes (6.8%). Antimicrobial susceptibility results showed that Gram negative bacterial isolates were 100% sensitive to Imipenem and 86.5% resistance to Ampicillin, while for the Gram positive bacterial, they were 44.5% sensitive to Ciprofloxacin and 46.8% resistance to Oxacillin. Conclusion. This study showed a preponderance of gram negative bacilli among the isolates from the diabetic foot ulcers. Knowledge on the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the isolates will be helpful in determining adequate drugs for the empirical treatment of diabetic ulcers.
Bacteriology of Diabetic Foot Ulcers with Reference to Multidrug Resistance Strains at the Yaounde Central Hospital (Cameroon)
doi:10.11648/j.jdmp.20150104.11
Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants
2015-09-02
© Science Publishing Group
Lilian Akwah
Fokunang Ntungwen Charles
Elias Nukenine Nchinwan
Emmanuel Kagning Tsinda
Armel Herve Nwabo Kamdje
Bacteriology of Diabetic Foot Ulcers with Reference to Multidrug Resistance Strains at the Yaounde Central Hospital (Cameroon)
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4
58
58
2015-09-02
2015-09-02
10.11648/j.jdmp.20150104.11
http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/paperinfo.aspx?journalid=320&doi=10.11648/j.jdmp.20150104.11
© Science Publishing Group
Calyx Juice of <i>Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn</i> (Malvaceae): A Possible Therapeutic Supplement to Antiretroviral Drugs
http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/paperinfo.aspx?journalid=320&doi=10.11648/j.jdmp.20150104.12
More than three decades after its outbreak, the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remains a great mystery because there is neither an existing vaccine against its causative agent (the human immune deficiency virus) nor a cure against it. Worst of all is the popular attention that is tuned to the AIDS virus, ignoring oxidative stress which is the major cause of mortality in HIV/AIDS as in many other chronic diseases. Antiretroviral drugs introduced in 1996 have been shown to increase oxidative stress among other drug-related complications. With these backdrops, an antioxidant therapy is necessary to accompany antiretroviral treatment without which its beneficial effects are null. The present review aims to discuss the role of Calyx juice of <i>Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn</i> (Malvaceae) as a possible therapeutic supplement to antiretroviral drugs.
More than three decades after its outbreak, the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remains a great mystery because there is neither an existing vaccine against its causative agent (the human immune deficiency virus) nor a cure against it. Worst of all is the popular attention that is tuned to the AIDS virus, ignoring oxidative stress which is the major cause of mortality in HIV/AIDS as in many other chronic diseases. Antiretroviral drugs introduced in 1996 have been shown to increase oxidative stress among other drug-related complications. With these backdrops, an antioxidant therapy is necessary to accompany antiretroviral treatment without which its beneficial effects are null. The present review aims to discuss the role of Calyx juice of <i>Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn</i> (Malvaceae) as a possible therapeutic supplement to antiretroviral drugs.
Calyx Juice of <i>Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn</i> (Malvaceae): A Possible Therapeutic Supplement to Antiretroviral Drugs
doi:10.11648/j.jdmp.20150104.12
Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants
2015-09-09
© Science Publishing Group
Franklin Nyenty Tabe
Nicolas Njintang Yanou
Armel Hervé Nwabo Kamdje
Aurélie-Solange Agume Ntso
Calyx Juice of <i>Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn</i> (Malvaceae): A Possible Therapeutic Supplement to Antiretroviral Drugs
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4
67
67
2015-09-09
2015-09-09
10.11648/j.jdmp.20150104.12
http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/paperinfo.aspx?journalid=320&doi=10.11648/j.jdmp.20150104.12
© Science Publishing Group